Device for transmitting force by means of magnetized rings.



A. HUGUENIN.

DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING FORGE BY MEANS OF MAGNETIZED RINGS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 6, 1911.

1,084,148. Patented Jan. 13, 1914.

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A. HUGUENIN.

DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING FORGE BY MEANS OF MAGNETIZBD RINGS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 6, 1911.

4 14 Patented Jan. 13,1914.

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ALBERT HUGUENIN, OF ZURICH, SWITZERLAND.

DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING FORCE BY MEANS OF MAGNETIZED RINGS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 13, 1914.

Application filed September 6, 1911. Serial no. e47,s7a.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT HUGUENIN, a citizen of the Swiss Republic, residing at Zurich, in the Swiss Republic, have invented new and useful Improvements in Devices for Transmitting Force by Means of Magnetizcd Rings, of which the following is a specification.

The device is designed to transmit force by means of magnetized rotary rings, or the like. Said rings, or the like, are secured on hubs or disks and carry lateral, that is axially directed projecting blades or pole-pieces. In cont-radistinction to existing constructions the blades are not made in one piece with the disks, but consist'mostly of quite a different material, the disks or hubs being made of cast iron, gun-metal, or of any diamagnetic metal. The blades operating togethcraro so arranged in pairs, that in the common central line they coincide with each other radially. When two blades belonging to difi'erent shafts are exactly opposite each other in a condition of rest, and are passed through by magnetic lines of force, they do If however one of the blades, by means of the disk or wheel to which it is secured, is moved in the y direction of its circumference, said blades do not coincide any more, and the magnetic lines of force are therefore obligedv to pass in an inclined direction from one blade to the opposite one, so that a component of magnetic force is formed in the direction of the circumference. According. as the displacement of the blades in the direction of the circumference increases this circumferential component becomes greater, and, as soon as it is equalto the resisting force of the second shaft, which was heretofore stationary, said second shaft also begins to rotate. In this way energysupplied to one shaft can be transmitted to the second one.

A large number of blades can be combined in one ring, which operate on a similarly composed ring connected with a second shaft. For the purpose of transferring considerable energy a number of such pairs of rings can be disposed beside each other and indeed in such a manner that the pressure of the rin in the direction of the axes is neutralize In order to cause magnetic lines of force to pass through the blades it is only necessary to magnetize one of thegroups of the rings, thus either the driving or the driven group, in which case the opposite group, that is, either the driven or driving group, forms a bridge for the magnetic lines of force. The magnetic current can however also be produced by a'fixed horseshoe-shaped magnet, which is disposed over the two groups of rings, so that these rings act as bridges for the magnetic lines of force.

The blades are preferably curved so that each blade in a certain position exercises a maximum force on the opposite blade. For the same purpose the curvature is only carried out in one direction, the blades of one of the rings being curved in exactly the same direction as those of the opposite ring. Because, as in the case of spur-wheels, the rings operating together move in such a manner that the relative speed for each pair is directed about the point of contact of the arcs corresponding to the pitch-lines of a "pair of spur-gears, and this pointof contact is the momentary center of motion. The blades are advantageously so curved that the center of curvature of the pair of blades which is momentarily in the most operative position for the transmission of force coincides with the momentary center. For this purpose it is suflicient for the center of ourvature to be on the contacting arc of the momentary center of motion. As a conse-' quence the two blades '6, and 70, adjacent to each other in Fig. 7 are so moved relatively that they glide, as it were, along their edges, but do not move away from each other in the direction of the circumference of the wheel. In this way a rupture of the lines of force is prevented for as long a time as possible and the highest efiiciencv is obtained in that the blades are caused to completely overlap and then recede from one another gradually, as will later appear.

In order to decrease losses as far as possible the blades are lamellated. The lamellae, in the case of axial magnetic fields, are concentric to the shaft centers and they are obtained by one or more thin iron ribbons (Fig. 8) being spirally wound, the spaces necessary for forming the blades being, for

example, cut" out of these ribbons. When the exciting coil is disposed around the shaft the laiuellai must be parallel to the field and to the direction of motion, that is vertical to the shaft. in the disks and concentric to the shaft in the hubs and rings.

In the drawing methods of carrying out the invention are shown by way of example.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pair of wheels, and Fig. 2, a cross section of the same. Fig. 3 is adetail vertical sectional view of the two rings shown in Figs. 1 and Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a modification of the present invention in which a horse-shoe magnet is used to supply the magnetic lines of force. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section of the device as shownin Fig. 4. Fig. (3 is a vertical section showing in detail the arrangement of rings and magnet in Figs. 4 and 5. Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view, on an enlarged scale, of two of the crescent shaped blades or pole-pieces in coincident position. Fig. 8 shows one form of metal stop from which the rings are formed or lamcllated, and Fig. 9 is an enlarged de tail section, through a set of interengaged rings, showing their relation in operative posit ion.

a is the driving shaft having a high speed of rotation, Z) the driven shaft having a lower speed of rotation. On the shaft a is fixed the hub 0, which carries the ring at,

On this ring are provided on opposite sides (Fig. 2) axially directed blade-like projections 0, and e. which, as seen in front elevation, have the half-moon form shown in Fig. 1. On the shaft Z) to be driven two disks f and g are provided, in the example chosen, which carry the rings h and t. On these rings are provided on the sides facing each other the blade-like projections in 7.1,, which have a quite similar curvature to that of the blades 6, and c of the driving ring at. In Fig. 1 the driven blade 70, momentarily almost entirely coincides with the driving blade e On the hub of the disk f there is a coil Z, through which an electric current passes from the battery 7'. Said current is delivered to the coil by means of the sliding contacts a and 0 and brushes 7) and g. Instead of a battery r any other electric source of current may be employed. The electric coil produces a magnetic circuit, which, for example, passes from the disk f through the shaft (or hub) and disk 9, ring h, group ofblades K1,, the blade 6 ring 01, blade 0 blade Z1 ring 2' and then returns to the disk f. If now the shaft a is rotated in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 1 and the shaft 6 remains stationary at first, then the blade 0, shown in Fig. 1 will move upwardly with regard to the blade In, at first coinciding therewith. The coincidence and the passage for the lines of force are therefore decreased. 'At the same time the lines of force,

as shown in Fig. 3, which represents a cross section, assume an inclined position so that the ring (1 has the tendency to rotate the ring The same effect is exercised by the ring (Z on the second ring it of the wheel to be driven and when the force is large enough the shaft 7) is put into motion. The blades 0 of the ring d are somewhat in advance of the blades 1*. of the rings 72. and i, the distance between these blades remaining the same when the load is uniform. Of course a large number of rings can operate together.

In order to bring the blades into such a relation that they will coincide for as long a period as possible throughout as much area as possible and then gradually recede from one another in a direction other than circumferentially, the blades are crescent shaped, as heretofore stated, and are also carefully located with relation to the disks whereby they are carried.

Referring to Fig. 7, c and 11, represent overlapping blades as shown in Fig. 1, the blades having passed to a position of greatest etliciency; that is, to a point where the greatest number of magnetic lines of force are brought into play. Inasmuch as the ring (Z and the rings f and g overlap one'another and the projections 0 e. is, and k, are radially placed at the circumferences of said rings, in overlapping positions, there will naturally exist intermediate or mean contacting annular lines corresponding to the pitch-lines of gear-wheels, those lines being designated as m and a in Fig. 7 and being hereinafter referred to as rolling arcs. The point of contact of the lines m and n is chosen as a center of curvature for determining the blades 0 and 70,, so that in one position, that of greatest etliciency, they will appear as shown in said Fig. 7.. It thus occurs that said point of cont-act and common center of curvature also becomes a momentary center of rotation of the blades 0, and 70,, as they recede from their position of Fig. 7, the direction of rotation of the disks still being as shown in Fig. 1, and as a consequence, the blades e and 70, do not recede from one another in a circumferential direction, but in the direction of their own curvature, and, finally, pass out of the influence of one another at their outer tips. In this manner, the blades act upon one another for the greatest possible period throughout as great an area as possible.

Instead of the coil Z (Fig. 2) secured to the hub of the disk 7 the rings can be magnetized by a horseshoe-shaped magnet 8 shown in Fig. 4.

If S is the south and N the north pole of the horseshoe-maget s, the magnetic lines of force pass, for example, from the south pole and return through the back R of the magnet to the north pole. The transmission of the lines of force is then favorable, and

the operation of two blades is accompanied by less loss, when the blades are each curved in one plane, which is parallel to the middle plane of the wheels.

In order to prevent the lamellated parts v 0 of any two-rings operating together from touching each other the wound iron ribbon is bordered inside and outside by hoops w,, 00,, 41),, :2 which project somewhat beyond the heads of the blades k. Further the entire ring is somewhat narrowed toward the circumference, that is the hoop w is somewhat broader than the hoop w, in order to assure that the rings, which operate together only touch each other near the middle, where the relative speed is a minimum. This conicity of the rin s must of course be small so as to avoid a large air space.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is z- 1. A device to transmit motion, comprising in combination, rotary bodies, opposing blades on said bodies shaped to coincide on the common central line through the point of contactof the rollin arcs of said bodies between said bodies an means to magnetize said blades,

2. A device to transmit motion, comprising in combination, rotary bodies, opposing blades on said bodies shaped to coincide completely in one position of said bodies and to recede from over one another in substantially radial directions.

3. A device to transmit motion, comprisin in combination, disks, rings carried by sald disks, blades on said rings, and means to magnetize said rings and blades, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.

4. A device to transmit motion, comprising in combination, disks, rings carried by said disks,blades on said rings, and an electric coil secured to one of said disks, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.

5. A device to transmit motion, comprising in combination, rotary disks, rings carried by said disks, blades on said rings, said blades being curved in planes parallel to the plane of the wheel, and means to mag netize said blades, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.

6. A device to transmit motion, comprising in combination, rotary disks, rings carried by said disks, blades on said rings, said blades being so curved that the blades operating together are curved in the same sense, and means to magnetize said blades, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.

7 A device to transmit motion, comprising in combination, rotary disks, rings carried by saiddisks, blades on said rings, said blades bein' so curved that the geometric centers of t e curves lie on the rolling arcs of said disks, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.

8. A device to transmit motion, comprising in combination, rotary disks, rings carried by said disks, lamellated blades on said rings, and means to rnagnetize said blades, substantially as, and for the purpose, setforth.

9. A device to transmit motion, comprislng in combination, rotary disks, rings car'- ried by said disks, blades on said rings, said blades consisting of laniellze disposed concentric to each other, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.

10. A device to transmit motion, comprising in combination, rotary disks, rings carried by said disks, blades on said rings, said rings being somewhat conical in cross section, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.

11. A device to transmit motion, comprising in combination, rotary disks, rings carried by said rotary disks, lamellated blades carried by said rings, and hoops surrounding said lamellated blades, substantially as, and for the purpose, set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALBERT HUGUENIN.

Witnesses D. H. HARRIS, ARTHUR J. MURDY. 

